Tag Archives: Holland

Dutch: Oliebolen and Windmills

Introduction to Oliebolen

Our very special treat today includes not only a journey to Holland, but a recipe for a traditional Dutch holiday treat–Oliebolen.  This guest post comes from an excellent writer whom I am proud to call my friend, Jane Eppinga.  Jane (full Dutch name Anna Jane Eppinga) has had many, many, many published books and articles to her name, so we are very fortunate to have her contribution to Ancestors in Aprons.

A few months ago, when I was talking about my Dutch family roots and discovering Dutch recipes like Hutspot, and uses for Gouda Cheese, Jane asked me if I had ever had Oliebolen. I had not. And that needed to be remedied! Here is Jane’s story and recipe.

Dutch painting oliebolen

Young woman with a cooking pot filled with oliebolen (Aelbert Cuyp, ca. 1652) Dordrechts Museum, public domain

On Being Dutch

Oliebolen has its origins in pagan times. What? we weren’t always Dutch Reformed! The pagan goddess Perchta would fly through the air slashing her sword at anyone in her path. But because the villagers who ate Oliebolen had so much butter and oil in their system, her sword just slipped over them. So everyone started adding more butter and oil, the oliebolen tasted better and better and the Dutch got fatter and fatter.

“I don’t wannabe Dutch.”  “I wannabe American.”  “I don’t wanna be called Anna or Annie.”  “I wannabe Jane.” “I don’t like the farm. I wanna live in a city, a big city.”

You reach an age when you would like to take back these words. You realize that you are only a very small part of humanity, and have fewer years left than you have already misspent. It is a time when many begin to wonder about those who came before.

The Ones Who Came To America

Who were these people of mine — a great-grandfather with forty dollars, a wife and five children — cramped in third-class steerage with over two thousand other passengers?  The ship’s crew regarded them as little more than inconvenient cargo.

They were required to provide their own dishes and food, usually a gruel, for the rough six-week journey. Mothers rocked sick children with the roll of the waves in a boat that was little more than a precarious shell against the elements.

They arrived at Ellis Island, tired and frightened, but left for Michigan, Minnesota, Illinois, and Iowa, certified that they were not of indecent moral turpitude and showed no evidence of infectious diseases. They had made the journey to America. The men would renounce all allegiance to any foreign power, especially Queen Wilhelmina of Holland. They raised their right hands and in thick accents proudly swore allegiance to the United States of America.

Of all the things I didn’t like about being Dutch – funny names, strict parents, refrigerators in the bedroom, outdoor toilets, and living upstairs – two things always entranced me: windmills and donut holes.

Iowa windmills are not quite the same as Dutch windmills but their purpose is much the same. Climbing to the top platform when the blades were not turning provided a vast expansion of a child’s world.

Oliebolen

My other happy remembrance was donut holes. On a lazy summer boring afternoon or a cold winter morning when I complained that there was nothing to do, mama would say, “How would you like to make donut holes?” Well of course I would. Who wouldn’t? I would help with sifting the flour and other duties that would make me a cook someday. Then she would take two large spoons, form a spoonful of dough and push it in the pan of hot oil. Each ball would sizzle for about two to three minutes and flop over of its own free will and mom would let it brown on the other side for a couple of minutes. Then we would lay them out on a cookie sheet and spread powdered sugar over them. After a goodly portion of donut holes were set aside for daddy when he came in from the fields, we would laugh as we popped delicious donut holes in our mouth.

I did not learn to make them again until I went to Holland and Minke Eppinga taught me just how to spoon the dough into a perfect ball and drop it into the oil. This was July and everyone who came into their house laughed because in Holland, Oliebolen or donut holes usually are a winter holiday treat.

I thought about the long journeys which women who were housewives and mothers, and the men who were farmers, laborers, tile diggers and millers made.

Windmills

Dutch Windmills

Dutch Windmills Circa 1905

Centuries earlier, strange contraptions with sailcloth strips tied to the cross slats caught the wind, and the blades turned, first slowly and then faster and faster on the horizon. Pumping day and night, the windmills drained the sea water and hurled it across the dike into the ocean, reclaiming land. As the saying goes, God made the world but the Dutch made Holland. Still, there was not enough land and families journeyed to America to better themselves. Most never saw their homeland again. However, I would make their journey home.

Fewer than a thousand of Holland’s windmills still exist. With progress came electricity, pumps, and the demise of the mill. World War II bombs damaged and destroyed many windmills. The first windmills and wind rights had belonged to Dutch nobility. The miller leased the wind, and should a nobleman find himself a little short of cash, all he had to do was forbid home milling and force his tenants to pay for using his mill. Although these customs were abolished in the late 18th Century, wind rights still exist and no trees or houses may be placed close to a windmill where they can obstruct the wind.

When the Netherlands passed a law in 1693 declaring that all windmills had to have names, ordinary people found way of retaliating. Many mills already had nice names, but with the new law, they called their mills “fatty,” the “blind ass,” and a rope mill became the “Rotten Twine.”

Before long, windmill owners developed a windmill language. Windmill blades or wings set in a Roman cross meant rest for a short period. When set at forty-five degrees, mill work had stopped because of a problem such as foul water. A happy event such as the birth of a child is a “coming” with the wings set just before the vertical position. Wings set just past the vertical signified a “going” or a death. Evergreens on the wing tips indicated a religious holiday. Sails set in a confidential prearranged fashion let poachers know that a game warden had been sighted. Today if you see a blue pennant, it means you are welcome to visit this mill.

At the end of my journey to Holland, I could not help but look back at the large windmill standing near the ancestral Eppinga farm. Like a Dutch painting, my windmill disappeared into the soft misty Dutch landscape as we drove away. On my journey to my homeland, I learned something of my people, myself and a language written in the wind and I learned how to make donut holes. I also learned that whether reaching a certain age or crossing an ocean, it’s all about the journey.

Dutch: Oliebolen

Serves 12
Prep time 40 minutes
Cook time 20 minutes
Total time 1 hour
Allergy Milk, Wheat
Meal type Dessert
Misc Child Friendly, Freezable, Serve Cold
Region European
A traditional holiday treat in Holland--particularly served on New Year's Eve.

Ingredients

  • 10g fresh yeast (1 packet is 7 grams, so about 1 1/2 packet)
  • 1 teaspoon white sugar
  • 1 cup milk (lukewarm)
  • 8oz white flour (If you don't have a scale, use about 2 cups flour.)
  • oil (for frying)
  • powdered sugar (for coating finished donut holes)
  • 1 egg (whipped)

Optional

  • 4oz raisins or currants

Directions

1. Soak the raisins for thirty minutes in hot water.
2. Dissolve the yeast and sugar in a quarter cup of the warm milk.
3. Place the flour in a bowl and form a well in the center. Pour the yeast mixture and the beaten egg into the well, then pour in the rest of the lukewarm milk. Beat into a smooth batter.
4. Cover the bowl with a damp towel and let rise for one hour in a warm area.
5. Heat oil to 350 degrees. (If you drop a tiny bit of batter in the oil it will immediately rise too the top if the oil is hot enough.)
6. With two large spoons or an ice cream scoop, form balls of batter and flip them into the hot oil. Do not overcrowd the pot, or the oil will cool too much. After frying 2 or 3 minutes, they should turn over by themselves, but you may need to give them a little help and flip them over.
7. When they are brown all over, they should be done. Lift the oliebolen out of the hot oil with a slotted spoon. Drain the on paper towels and place on a cookie sheet lined with waxed paper (for easy clean up). Either sift powdered sugar over them, or dip them in the powdered sugar.

Note

Jane says: Part of the fun of making oliebolen is watching them turn themselves over by themselves. (My note: making them a fun treat for kids to help with--as long as they know how to be careful with the hot oil).

Jane says: During the Christmas season and especially on New Year's Eve, every Dutch home has a platter of Oliebolen on the table.

My note: These will keep in a tightly covered container for 2 or 3 days. If you need to keep them longer, after they are completely cool, freeze them. You can keep them frozen for about 6 months.

My note: They are also popular in other Germanic countires like Austria.

Susannah Jackson White Winslow Cooks for Thanksgiving

First Thanksgiving

Jean Leon Gerome Ferris – United States Library of Congress’s Prints and Photographs division. It is in the public domain

Leaving her Native Land

 

NOTE: This post was written in 2014 when information about Susanna’s roots were hazy and genealogies contradictory. In 2017, new research done by Sue Allen and published in the book The Search for Mayflower Pilgrim Susanna White-Winslow, proved her father was Richard Jackson of Scrooby England and filled in other details of her life. I have made some changes here to reflect the new findings.

Susannah Jackson was born in England about 1592, but she left all that was familiar to move to Leyden Holland* with her family and a group of people who disapproved of the Church of England. These Reformists were in danger of being jailed for their dissidence in England, and it was illegal for them to leave the country, but they finally decided leaving provided the better opportunity. In Leyden, the little English-speaking community lived in the midst of the Dutch for eleven years.

William Bradford wrote of the difficult decision to emigrate:

But to go into a country they knew not but by hearsay, where they must learn a new language and get their livings they knew not how, it being a dear [expensive] place and subject to the miseries of war, it was thought by many an adventure almost desperate; a case intolerable and a misery worse than death. Especially seeing they were not acquainted with trades nor traffic (by which that country doth subsist) but had only been used to a plain country life and the innocent trade of husbandry.”
William Bradford

In Holland, about 1614, Susanna married fellow Reformist,,William White. Their first son, Resolved, was born in Holland.

Sailing to Virginia

Since they could not return to their own country, the idea surfaced that they might sail across the Atlantic to an English Colony, so Susanna, several months pregnant and with a four-year-old in tow, joined her husband on the dangerous voyage.

Here was Susannah, pregnant and trying to keep track of 4-year-old Resolve on the rolling decks of the little wooden ship. The challenges had just begun.

Pioneering in New England

Although they had headed for Virginia, they wound up having to land at Cape Cod. The men went ashore, looking for food and for a place to build a settlement.  The women and children lived on board the ship for two more months. During that time, Susanna made history by giving birth to her second son, Peregrine White. The little boy was the first child born to the Pilgrims in the New World.
Despite the excitement of the birth, the women were no doubt thoroughly sick of that ship by now.  But when they finally got on land they faced a horrible winter during which half of their number, including Susanna’s husband, died.

Shortly after William White died, Edward Winslow’s wife also died and Edward and Susanna married–the first wedding in Plymouth Colony.

Those that survived the winter, the “Starving Time” managed to plant and gather and feel blessed by the following fall. So they held a three-day feast. Rather, the men decided to invite the indigenous people to join them in a feast. The women’s role would be to prepare the food.

The First Thanksgiving

Of the 102 Pilgrims who had arrived on the Mayflower, only 63 remained by fall of 1621.  Susanna was one of only four women, plus five teenage girls.  So we can be absolutely certain that Peregrine’s mother was one of the cooks for the Thanksgiving feast. And those women and girls cooked for 91 Indians and 22 Pilgrim men (plus a few children like Resolve and Peregrine and nine adolescent males). I’ll never complain again about cooking Thanksgiving for ten people.

What stories Susannah had to tell her grandchildren–the children of my ancestor Sarah Bassett and her husband,  Peregrine White!

Leaving her own country, living abroad, sailing across the Atlantic when she was pregnant, giving birth to the first child in the colony, losing one husband and marrying a 2nd in the first marriage on the continent, being a key figure in the first Thanksgiving feast, and living to raise a family and a community in the new land. What a story.

I have great admiration for Susannah and the women like her who settled this country.  Although she is not a blood relation, I will definitely be giving thanks for her along with my family members this Thanksgiving.

Research Notes

The Sun Journal (Lewiston Maine), November 23, 1994, found in Google News, analyses Who Cooked at the first Thanksgiving.

Complete list of survivors at Pilgrim Hall Museum web site.